Gemstone Chart |
Natural Agate Agate is a beautiful natural chalcedony stone, classified as a semi precious gem and has been used by people as early as the ancient Egyptians in and before 3000 BC! Agate is hard and tough enough to be incorporated into jewelry and other ornamental items. Color: Blue, green, yellow,orange, brown, gray Categories: semi-precious stone Chemical Composition: SiO2 Crystal Group: Hexagonal Refractive Index: 1.530 - 1.539 Hardness: 6.5 - 7 Density: 2.57 - 2.64 Occurrence: Scotland, U.S.A., India, England, Italy, Brazil, Uruguay, Germany, Egypt, Indonesia, and many other localities.
| Natural Clinohumite Clinohumite is a rare mineral and an especially rare gemstone. It is a member of the humite group of minerals, which includes humite, clinohumite, chondrodite, and norbergite.Only two sources of gem-quality material are known: the Pamir Mountains of Tajikistan, and the Taymyr region of northern Siberia. Color: Brown, yellow, white, orange, or reddish brown Categories: semi-precious stone Chemical Composition: Magnesium Silicate Fluoride OH Crystal Group: Monoclinic Refractive Index: 1.625 ¨C 1.668 Hardness: 6 - 6.5 Density: 3.17 - 3.35 Occurrence: Extremely rare - gem quality found only in the Pamir Mountains, Tadzhikistan. Other mineralogical occurrences include, Mt. Vesuvius, Italy; Pargas, Finland; Llanos de Juanar, Malaga, Spain; Tilly Foster Mine, New York; Fort Defiance, Apache County, Arizona; Crestmore Quarry, Riverside County and Lower Lake, Fresno County, California; Luna, New Mexico and Franklin, New Jersey, USA.
| Natural Fire Agate Fire Agate is a variety of agate containing inclusions of goethite or limonite, it is a layered stone. The layers are small enough that light entering them forms interference colors known as "fire." Color: Orange, green, purple, Red, blue, peacock Categories: semi-precious stone Chemical Composition: SiO2 Crystal Group: Trigonal Refractive Index: 1.544 - 1.553 Hardness: 7 Density: 2.65 Occurrence: Central Mexico, Arizona USA
| Natural Freshwater Pearl Freshwater pearls are a kind of pearl that comes from freshwater mussels.Freshwater pearls come in many shapes from round to button shapes, from flat flakes to rice shapes and in many colors. As with the salt water Akoya pearl the round shapes are generally more expensive. Color: orange, pink, white, gray, light purple, rose, black, brown, gold, yellow, silvery, green, blue, bronze. Categories: semi-precious stone Chemical Composition: CaCO3 Crystal Group: Not applicable Hardness: 3.5 - 4.0 Density: 2.66 ¨C 2.78+ Occurrence: China, Japan
| Natural Hessonite Hessonite is one of the gem varieties of the garnet mineral, grossular. Hessonite is usually cinnamon brown and has been called "cinnamon stone". Hessonite can also be orange; this color is becoming common on the gem markets. Color: Brownish-orange, brownish yellow, aurora red Categories: semi-precious stone Chemical Composition: Ca3Al2(SIO4)3 Crystal Group: Cubic Refractive Index: 1.72-1.74 Hardness: 7.25 Density: 3.65 Occurrence: Sri Lanka, Mexico, Brazil, Canada, Madagascar
| Natural Jadeite A rare, usually green mineral of the pyroxene group. Jadeite can also occur in white, auburn, buff, or violet varieties. The most highly valued form of jade consists of jadeite.Jade has a history in China of at least four thousands years.Experts believe that, although more expensive, diamonds and gold cannot be compared with jade - jade is animated with a soul. Color: Pure white thru pink, brown, red, orange, yellow, mauve, violet, blue, and black, to an extensive range of green and mottled green and white. Categories: semi-precious stone Chemical Composition: NaAl(SiO3)2 Crystal Group: Monoclinic Refractive Index: 1.654 - 1.667 Hardness: 7 Density: 3.32 Occurrence: Northern Myanmar. Non commercial discoveries of Jadeite have also been reported in China; Russia (in the Polar Urals); Niigata, Japan; San Benito County, California, USA, and Guatemala.
| Natural Oligoclase Oligoclase is a rock-forming mineral belonging to the plagioclase feldspars. Oligoclase is famous for its two gem varieties: Sunstone and Moonstone. Color: green, orange, red, colorless Categories: semi-precious stone Chemical Composition: [Na,Ca]AlSi3O8 Crystal Group: Triclinic Refractive Index: 1.53 - 1.54 Hardness: 6 - 6.5 Density: 2.62 - 2.65 Occurrence: Tvedestrand and Hitero on the south coast of Norway; near Lake Baikal Russia; Ontario, Canada; Tanzania; Kangayam, southern India; France; and in Maine, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Virginia and Oregon in the USA.
| Natural Opal Opal is the most colorful of all gems. It is a form of silica chemically similar to quartz, but more like glass and containing a variable amount of water within the mineral structure. Its splendid play of color is unsurpassed, and fine examples can be more valuable than diamond. Precious opals (black and white) are cut and polished into cabochons and used in all forms of jewelry. Color: White, green, blue, black, red, orange, violet, pink, grey, yellow. Categories: precious stone Chemical Composition: SIO2nH2O Crystal Group: Amorphous Refractive Index: 1.44-1.46 Hardness: 5.5 - 6.0 Density: 2.65 - 3.00 Occurrence: Czechoslovakia, Mexico, Honduras, Australia, Brazil, Tanzania.
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